Malleable cast iron is commonly known as malleable steel or martensite. The production process of vermicular graphite cast iron is as follows: First, white cast - iron parts are cast, and then malleable cast - iron parts are obtained through malleablizing annealing (malleablizing annealing makes cementite decompose into flocculent graphite).
1. Chemical Composition, Structure and Properties of Malleable Cast Iron
1) The chemical composition of malleable cast iron is: wC = 2.2% - 2.8%, wSi = 1.0% - 1.8%, wMn = 0.3% - 0.8%, wS ≤ 0.2%, wP ≤ 0.1%.
2) There are two types of structures in malleable cast iron:
Ferrite (F) + flocculent graphite (G); Pearlite (P) + flocculent graphite (G).
3) Properties
Since the graphite in malleable cast iron is in a flocculent shape, it has less of a splitting effect on the matrix. Therefore, its mechanical properties are higher than those of gray cast iron, and it has good plasticity and toughness. However, malleable cast iron cannot be forged. Different matrix structures of malleable cast iron result in different properties. Among them, black - heart malleable cast iron has relatively high plasticity and toughness, while pearlite malleable cast iron has relatively high strength, hardness and wear resistance.
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